This review is based on the book by Costas Lapavitsas and Pınar Çakıroğlu, published by I. B. Tauris in 2019, Capitalism in the Ottoman Balkans: Industrialization and Modernity in Macedonia. The book, which deals with one of the early examples of capitalism in the non-European world, draws attention to the existence of capitalist movements in the Ottoman Empire, one of the relatively weakened powers of the period, contrary to popular belief. In this respect, the book is of a remarkable nature.